The Editor of Sartor Resartus and the narrator of The French Revolution both represent themselves as interpreters. For this purpose, he shaped a unique historical narrator who speaks in the first person and present tense, represents the voices of the historical actors, and interprets symbols in order to create a double narrative, both epic and mock epic, of the revolution. He did not write The French Revolution as a factual chronology of political events but as a sequence of symbolic episodes through which the narrator, and the reader, discover the meaning of their own era. Instead, Carlyle made himself into a narrator who Indeed, the narrator of The French Revolution is every bit as prominent as the Editor of Sartor Resartus.
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If it was an "unhappiness to be born" in such an era, to be a rebirth of its spirit, a history of the revolution would at least help one figure out "what to make of" the "age," what it means to be born of revolution ( FR i: ii HHW, 201).Ĭarlyle's problem in writing The French Revolution was how to make it epic rather than novelistic in the sense that he used these terms in "On Biography." He wanted to avoid the problems raised by Sartor Resartus, especially that of his own authority, but he could not solve this problem simply by effacing the authorial ego. (It is worth recalling that in "Illudo Chartis" Stephen Corry's father decides to send him to the University of Edinburgh "in the ever memorable year Of 1795," an event that the narrator compares to "a second birth" (King, 167). By concluding his history of the revolution with the events of October 1795, just two months before his birth on December 4, 1795, Carlyle suggested that he himself was the first rebirth of the revolution, that it had indeed invaded the households of the lowly ( Rem., 30). as is the way of Cunning Time with his New-Births" (3:311). Sansculottism "still lives," he was to write in the conclusion of The French Revolution "still works far and wide. Instead of creating a text that would bring about the birth of a new society, he would demonstrate how the revolution continued to be reborn in his own era, in the Paris Revolt of 1830 and the Reform Bill Of 1832. Yet this subject was problematical because the revolution did more to destroy antiquated beliefs than to bring new beliefs to life the only belief his society retained was the belief in unbelief that prevented him from authoring the new mythus promised in Sartor Resartus. The French Revolution manifested the fundamental beliefs of Carlyle's own era just as the Trojan wars manifested the beliefs of the Greeks. Non-bibliographic notes appears as text links.Ĥ.Thackeray created the decorated initial "A" for Vanity Fair]Īrlyle's ascription of the authorship of "On History Again" to Diogenes Teufelsdröckh suggests that the Palingenesia, a mythus intended to enable the rebirth of his society, would take the form of epic history. Where possible, bibliographical information appears in theįorm of in-text citations, which refer to items in the list of abbreviations or to those in the bibliography at the end of each document.ģ. Numbers in brackets indicate page breaks in the print edition and thus allow users of VW to cite or locate the original page numbers.Ģ. The Eyre Controversy and the Dilemma of Literatureġ.Closing Failures in The Reminiscences and "Shooting Niagara".The Son as Father: Frederick's Art of War.Fathering the Literary Son: The Life of John Sterling.From the "Irish Question" to the "Nigger Question"įive.The "Hero as King" and the Idyll as Theocracy.Chartism and the Rhetoric of Partisanship.Authoring the Constitution: The Problem of Closure.The French Revolution as Symbolic History.From Transcendental Novel to Epic History.Sartor Resartus and the Revolution of 1830.Crisis in the Career: "The Reminiscence of James Carlyle".Carlyle's Fictions and the Career Narrative.Schiller, Goethe, and the Career Narrative.The Crisis of Authority and the Critique of Political Economy.Six years after the creation of the first html version, Landow converted it to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
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In 2001, Alwin Wee, an undergraduate in the University Scholars Program, National University of Singapore, created the electronic text using OmniPage Pro OCR software, and George P.Landow created the HTML version, converting footnotes, and adding links.
It appears in the Victorian Web with the kind permission of the author, who of course retains copyright. Carlyle and the Search for Authority, which the Ohio State University Press published in 1991.
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